DARASA LA ALAMA MBALIMBALI ZA MOBILE NETWORKS

Terminologies 2G, 3G, H, H+ au E etc, je maana yake ni nini kwenye network?

Ni speed zinazotumika kusafirisha data kwenye internet ambapo zinatofautiana uwezo kutokana na teknolojia:

1. Letter G stands for GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) na ndio first generation ya mobile phone
Hua inamaanisha spidi ya internet yako ni ndogo sana (86kbps)

technology.

2. Letter E stands for EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM evolution) hua inamaanisha speed ya internet yako ni ndogo ila ina afadhali kidogo kuliko G (236kbps)

3. Letter 2G (Second Generation) Ni generation ya pili ya mobile phone technology ambayo nayo inatumia GPRS system lakini speed yake ni kubwa kidogo than letter G, (154kbps) ila ni ndogo than letter E yaani ipo katikati ya G na E.

4. Letter 3G (Third Generation of mobile technology) Inatumia UMTS & imebase kwenye GSM system, na ina speed kubwa kuliko hizo (speed yake 386kbps)

5. Letter H stands for HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) Ni muendelezo baada ya 3G ambayo ina speed kubwa (like 3.2 Mbps)

6. Letter H+ stands for enhanced HSPA, Yaani hii ina speed kubwa zaidi ya H kama nilivyoielezea inauwezo wa kutransfer data up to 7.2 Mbps, ndio inayotumika kwenye simu nyingi nowadays.

7. Letter 4G (Fourth Generation of Mobile phone Technology) pia inajulikana kwa jina la LTE (Long Term Evolution).
Model hii ndio current kwa sasa ambayo inatumia H+, so itakuwa na speed kubwa zaidi (like 14.4mbps to 21mbps)

8. Letter WCDMA stands for Wide-band Code-division Multiple Access. Inatumia teknolojia ya 3G ila imeongezewa GSM ambayo inaiongezea speed ya kusafirisha data na ndiomaana simu nyingi zimeitumia kabla ya kuja kwa 4G.

So ukiona alama hizo kwenye simu yako maana yake ni kama nilivyozielezea hapo awali.

NB: Nimeongelea kuhusu kbps na Mbps maana yake ni:

Mbps:  maana yake ni Mega bits per second yani kiasi cha data kinachoweza kusafirishwa kwa sekunde kwenye internet.

Kbps:  maana yake ni kilobits per second, hii ni ndogo kuliko mbps.

i.e. 1 kbps = 0.001mbps

Nafikiri kila mtu atakuwa ameelewa hizo network symbols kwenye simu yake.

But sometime unaweza ukaona alama hizo zinabadilika badilika kwenye sim yako inakuwa ni kwasababu ya kupanda na kushuka kwa mawimbi ya internet

So internet signal ikiwa vizuri alama inabadilika to H hadi H+ na ikiwa low inashuka to 3G had 2G au G, kulingana na version ya simu.

Nafikiri sasa hutamlaumu aliyekuuzia simu kwa kusema haikai 3G, tatizo litakuwa ni la network au technology ya simu yako.

Ballon d'Or 2015 award: Messi wins for the fifth time, while Carli Lloyd won the women’s player of the year award

Lionel Messi has won the 2015 FIFA Ballon d'Or award, scooping the best player in the world accolade for a record fifth time.

The 28-year-old claimed the 2015 award - voted for by a panel of journalists, international coaches and captains - at the annual ceremony in Zurich on Monday evening.

Messi earned 41.33 per cent of the votes, ahead of Cristiano Ronaldo with 27.76 per cent and Neymar with 7.86 per cent.

Other

• Jill Ellis wins World Women's Coach of the Year

• Luis Enrique wins Coach of the Year

• Wendell Lira wins Puskas Award

• Carli Lloyd wins Women's World Player of the Year

Source:

http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10126730/lionel-messi-wins-unprecedented-fifth-fifa-ballon-dor-award

HESHIMA ya Bia.... Kwa wanywaji tu.... Kama uko UNDER 18 PLEASE, DO NOT READ....

Ladha ya bia ya 1 hadi ya 6..

Kwa wanywaji wazuri wa bia,

chupa ya kwanza huwa haileti hisia yoyote. Mnywaji humaliza chupa hiyo bila kuona matokeo yoyote zaidi ya kupoza koo... Na mara nyingi huwa mkimya, pengine huwa anasoma gazeti lake au kwa siku hizi anawasiliana na ndugu na jamaa kupitia simu yake.

chupa ya pili kimsingi ndipo mazungumzo ya awali na wanywaji jirani  huanza na haya huwa mazungumzo ya busara, yakihusu muelekeo wa ligi mbalimbali, siasa, idadi za ajali na kadhalika na wakati huu hata takwimu hutolewa zilizo sahihi....

Mtu anaweza kukutajia wachezaji wote wa ligi daraja la tatu la huko Ujerumani bila kukosea, hata idadi ya wachezaji wa Yanga bila kukosea.. Ila wakati huu kama unaanzisha mashindano ya kucheua ni wakati mzuri kwani bia ya pili huongeza hisia za kucheua.

Bia ya tatu huanza kumfanya mnywaji aanze kusikia furaha na pia huu huwa wakati ambapo karanga na korosho huliwa sana.... Pamoja na mazungumzo kuhusu mpira na siasa, ghafla mazungumzo kuhusu michepuko huanza kujitokeza.....

Bia ya nne huanza kusababisha masikio yaanze kupoteza nguvu za kusikia kwani utaona mnywaji ghafla amepandisha sauti, na ukijumlisha na kuwa baa zetu huwa na muziki una kelele utadhani waliopo wote wana matatizo ya kusikia..... bia hii humsaidia kuongea kwa nguvu kushindana na kelele za muziki.

Bia ya tano ni hatari kidogo kwani ukiinuka kwenda chooni mara nyingi unarudi hujafunga zipu......na kipindi hiki ni kibaya kwa wanywaji wa kike maana unaweza kumkuta akienda chooni  akijiangalia kwenye kioo anaanza kulia peke yake na kulalamika;  ‘Mi sipendwi mpaka leo sijaolewa’ au ‘ Mume wangu sijui yukoje hanijali’

Japokuwa lazima isemwe ukweli ukifikisha bia hii, maisha ni raha sana unaweza ukaanzisha shoo ya kukata mauno katikati ya baa na kudai wewe ni mkali kuliko Shilole.

Kuanzia bia ya sita na kuendelea, chochote utakachosema au kufanya ni wazi kesho yake asubuhi utajilaumu sana.  .......  ...Kuna watu husema ukilewa ndipo unakuwa mkweli, hivyo basi wakati huu hata bosi wako akitokeza unamueleza ukweli jinsi alivyo fala na hajui kuendesha kampuni.

Au unasema ukweli jinsi unavyompenda mke wa jirani yako ambaye mmekaa mnakunywa naye. Kimsingi uwezekano wa kutapika pia upo karibu na kama umekaa na mchumba wako huu ni muda ambao pia uchumba unaweza kuvunjika.......

POMBE SIO CHAI

DAWA YA UKIMWI KUPATIKANA, Spanish Doctors Believe They've Found a Cure for HIV..

While Africans and the world at large ikitapatapa and distressed by the AIDS pandemic, the medical team of spain, have found a method that has been successful healing effect pandemic of HIV from where they took the blood are present in the tubes umbilika which reportedly has the ability to stop diseases properly as advised mothers victim infect his son, in an attempt lililotumia three months, this research is a continuation of research institutions like Harvard and otherwise ....

know more ......

Doctors in Barcelona, Spain, announced earlier this month that they believe they’ve found a cure for HIV, according to the Latin Post. But don’t hold your breath, it's not going to be available overnight.
Similar to the report published by Harvard researchers, the Spanish research team hypothesize that a blood transplant from a donor with a genetic mutation could prevent HIV from entering cells and replicating.
The announcement is based on results of an experimental treatment given to a 37-year-old man who contracted HIV in 2009. The “Barcelona Patient” developed lymphoma in 2012. He received chemotherapy and a transplant of blood from an umbilical cord of a donor who had a genetic mutation that gave the donor a heightened resistance to HIV.
"We suggested a transplant of blood from an umbilical cord but from someone who had the mutation because we knew from 'the Berlin patient' that as well as [ending] the cancer, we could also eradicate HIV," Rafael Duarte, the director of the Haematopoietic Transplant Programme at the Catalan Oncology Institute in Barcelona, explained to Spanish news site The Local.
People with the CCR5 Delta 35 genetic mutation that leaves them without CCR5 cellular receptors, which act like doorways to the cell. HIV uses CCR5 receptors to enter white cells for replication. This heightened resistance to HIV occurs in about 1 percent of the population.
The Spanish medical team sought to replicate the results of Timothy Brown, an HIV-positive man dubbed "the Berlin Patient," who received an experimental bone marrow transplant from a donor with the mutation. Brown had leukemia and HIV but six years later shows no signs of the virus.
The treatment seemed to work, as the Barcelona Patient was HIV free after three months, but unfortunately died due to cancer. The development spurred Spain’s National Transplant Organization to back the world's first clinical trials of umbilical cord blood transplants for HIV patients with blood cancers, according to the Latin Post. Javier Martínez, a virologist from the research foundation Irsicaixa, is quoted as saying that while their trials are aimed at helping HIV-positive cancer patients but it could "allow us to speculate about a cure for HIV."


from http://www.hivplusmag.com

NI MUHIMU KUJUA HAKI ZAKO.... JUA NINI CHA KUFANYA UWAPO MIKONONI MWA POLISI.... SOMA HAPA

USINYANYASWE WE NDUGU FANYA HAYA UWAPO MIKONONI MWA POLISI,,,, IMEANDALIWA NA MAWAKILI.

1. Askari akikuweka chini ya ulinzi muulize kitambulisho ni haki yako.

2. Askari akikukamata akuoneshe kitambulisho chenye muhuri wa mahakama kama anasema ametumwa na mahakama kukumata, ni haki yako.

3. Askari akikukamata akwambie kwanini anakukamata na anakupeleka kituo gani, ni haki yako.

4. Unaruhusiwa na sheria kukataa kukamatwa hata kutumia nguvu kama hukuambiwa sababu ya kukamatwa.

5. Askari anapokiuka taratibu za ukamataji anageuka na kuwa mhalifu ni haki yako kujikinga naye.

6. Askari haruhusiwi kukuvuta shati, kukukaba koo, kukushika suruali kama hujakataa kukri amri halali.

7. Askari haruhusiwi kuondoka na mtu mwingine baada ya kumkosa mtuhumiwa halisi.

8. Askari haruhusiwi kupekua nyumba ya mtu bila kibali cha kupekua.

9. Askari lazima akuoneshe kibali cha kupekua na ukisome.

10. Kibali kieleze jina la aliyekitoa, kituo kilipotolewa,jina la mtu au sehemu ya upekuzi, au uchanganuzi wa mtu au sehemu.

11. Hairuhusiwi kupekuliwa usiku kuanzia saa 1 jioni mpaka saa 12 asubuhi.

12. Ni haki yako kumpekua askari kabla hajakupekua ili asipandikize kitu.

13. Usipekuliwa nyumbani bila kuwapo kiongozi wa mtaa.

14. Kila kitakachochukuliwa katika upekuzi lazima kiandikwe na askari aweke sahihi.

15. Mali iliyochukuliwa katika upekuzi lazima ibaki salama.

16. Mwanaume haruhisiwi kumpekua mwanamke na mwamke haruhisiwi kwa mwanaume.

17. Unaruhusiwa kukataa kupekuliwa iwapo taratibu hizi hazikufuatwa.

18. Askari haruhusiwi kukutukana wala kukupiga.

19. Unaruhusiwa kutozungumza lolote mpaka unayemuamini afike uwapo chini ya ulinzi, ni haki yako.

20. Usilazimishwe kuongea au kuandika ambacho hutaki, ni haki yako.

21. Usitoe maelezo bila uhakika yatatumika mahakamani yatakuletea shida.

22. Unaruhusiwa kukaa kimya na usizungumze kitu uwapo chini ya ulinzi.

HIZI ZOTE NI HAKI ZAKO, ZILAZIMISHE USIBEMBELEZE WALA USIZIOMBE.

SHARE UJUMBE HUU KWA WATU WOTE WANAO PENDA UTULIVU NA AMANI KATIKA KUPAMBANA NA UONEVU NA MANYANYASO YA VYOMBO VYA DOLA PALE AMBAPO UONEVU NA UKIUKAJI WA SHERIA NA HASA UMBAMBIKIZAJI WA MA KESI YA UONGO,,,, .